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Most leaks come from low-level government bureaucrats, and they are almost never used in news coverage.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is not a reason why a free media is necessary to democratic government?


A) A free media is needed to investigate wrongdoing on the part of government officials.
B) A free media is needed to publicize and explain governmental actions.
C) A free media is needed to evaluate the performance of politicians.
D) A free media is needed to shed light on matters that may otherwise be known only to a small number of government insiders with technical knowledge.
E) A free media is needed to ensure economic equality.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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The Communications Decency Act was struck down by the Supreme Court because it violated the


A) First Amendment's right to freedom of speech.
B) FCC's equal time rule.
C) FCC's right of rebuttal.
D) FCC's fairness doctrine.
E) Fourteenth Amendment's due process clause.

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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One in five Americans are completely offline.

A) True
B) False

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The following are all concerns raised by the growing popularity of online news except


A) a decline in investigative journalism.
B) a reduction in the diversity of perspectives that can potentially be heard.
C) a negative impact on political knowledge.
D) a decrease in political tolerance.
E) uneven quality in news content.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Since the 1980s, the ownership of news media has expanded and fallen into many different hands.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements about leaks is false?


A) Leaks sometimes come from lower-level officials who hope to publicize what they view as their bosses' improper activities.
B) Most leaks originate with senior government officials, prominent politicians, and political activists.
C) Thousands of leaks each year are incorporated into news stories.
D) A federal statute makes it illegal to disclose the identities of covert intelligence operatives.
E) Leaks never occurred before the George W. Bush administration.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Despite its high reach, ______ typically provides the least depth of news coverage.


A) radio
B) television
C) the Internet
D) newspapers
E) magazines

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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The 1996 Telecommunications Act reduced the number of mergers and consolidations in the media industry by breaking up numerous media conglomerates.

A) True
B) False

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Despite wide freedoms, the press must still adhere to some federal laws. How does government regulate the media? Describe some of the different regulations that the government places upon the media. What are the goals of different regulatory techniques? Are they effective? Which forms of news are the least regulated? How has the government attempted to regulate the Internet?

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The government regulates the media throu...

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Which of the following statements best describes the coverage given to American politics by international newspapers?


A) International newspapers rarely cover American politics but, when they do, their coverage is often critical of American policy.
B) International newspapers frequently cover American politics and are often critical of American policy.
C) International newspapers rarely cover American politics but, when they do, their coverage often praises American policy.
D) International newspapers frequently cover American politics and often praise American policy.
E) International newspapers never cover American politics.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Why do radio stations repeat the news so often throughout the day?


A) In order for radio news to sink in, people need to hear stories more than once.
B) The audience is constantly changing since most people listen to the radio in their cars.
C) There is not enough news to fill an entire day's worth of programming.
D) Radio news normally provides more headlines than in-depth coverage since it comes directly from the television script.
E) The owners of radio stations are legally allowed to devote only a limited amount of time to political stories.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Because of their dependence on government sources, the news media are unable to set the agenda of debate.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is not a reason that Americans prefer online news?


A) the convenience of getting the news online
B) the up-to-the-moment currency of the information available online
C) the depth of the information available online
D) the diversity of online viewpoints
E) the accuracy and objectivity of the information found online

F) All of the above
G) None of the above

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The Vietnam War initiated the growth of ______ journalism.


A) yellow
B) advocacy
C) adversarial
D) corporate-driven
E) government-regulated

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Cheap, tabloid-style papers produced in the nineteenth century were collectively referred to as


A) social media.
B) the penny press.
C) citizen journalism.
D) news aggregators.
E) niche journalism.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Most newspaper reporters identify themselves as


A) liberal.
B) conservative.
C) anarchist.
D) nonpolitical.
E) socialist.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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A website devoted entirely to reporting on climate change and other environmental issues is an example of


A) protest journalism.
B) adversarial journalism.
C) niche journalism.
D) nonprofit journalism.
E) public journalism.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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According to the text, which of the following is the most important, but not the most popular, source of news?


A) radio
B) television
C) the Internet
D) newspapers
E) magazines

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Niche journalism refers to


A) news reporting targeted for a demographic of readers based on content or ideological presentation.
B) journalism that is uncritical of government officials and the status quo.
C) journalism that is highly critical of government officials and the status quo.
D) any political reporting that can only be found online.
E) any political reporting that can only be found offline.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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