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The major advantage of free-operant methods over discrete trial procedures is that


A) the animals learn more quickly.
B) free operant methods provide the opportunity to observe changes in the likelihood of behavior over time.
C) free operant methods can reveal an animal's preferences.
D) free-operant methods involve S-S learning, but discrete trial procedures involve S-R learning.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Your sister's hamster keeps escaping from its cage. On the first day, it took the hamster 14 hours to escape, but by the second week, the hamster could only be confined for 30 minutes before it worked its way to freedom. According to Thorndike's theory,


A) the stimulus of the cage has become associated with the desire to be free.
B) the stimulus of the cage has become associated with the jumping necessary to gain freedom.
C) the hamster jumps in order to gain freedom.
D) the hamster "operates" on its environment to gain freedom.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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