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Exam 11: Weight and Body Composition

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Question 41

True/False

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The terms lean body mass and muscle mass can be used interchangeably because technically they are the same.

A) True
B) False

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Question 42

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Select the key term that is most associated with the description below. Each term is used only once.

Premises

Responses

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

Typically described as being slightly built with less-developed muscle mass and fat stores

Low SEE but additional research needed before it can be considered the new gold standard of body composition assessment

Technician training and consistency are critical; can introduce a large degree of error

Use in athletes is hampered by need to follow restrictive pre-measurement guidelines related to exercise and caffeine intake

Characterized as being stocky, with wide hips and a tendency to easily gain body fat, especially visceral fat

The amount of air left in the lungs after a maximal, voluntary exhalation

Subject error may be substantial

Can gain muscle mass relatively easily and typically do not have excessive amounts of body fat

An expression of the ability to produce force in a short amount of time relative to body mass

The procedures are not disruptive for the subject as only one site on the body is typically measured

Premises

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

Responses

Typically described as being slightly built with less-developed muscle mass and fat stores

Low SEE but additional research needed before it can be considered the new gold standard of body composition assessment

Technician training and consistency are critical; can introduce a large degree of error

Use in athletes is hampered by need to follow restrictive pre-measurement guidelines related to exercise and caffeine intake

Characterized as being stocky, with wide hips and a tendency to easily gain body fat, especially visceral fat

The amount of air left in the lungs after a maximal, voluntary exhalation

Subject error may be substantial

Can gain muscle mass relatively easily and typically do not have excessive amounts of body fat

An expression of the ability to produce force in a short amount of time relative to body mass

The procedures are not disruptive for the subject as only one site on the body is typically measured

Show Answer

Correct Answer

Premises

Responses

Typically described as being slightly built with less-developed muscle mass and fat stores

Low SEE but additional research needed before it can be considered the new gold standard of body composition assessment

Technician training and consistency are critical; can introduce a large degree of error

Use in athletes is hampered by need to follow restrictive pre-measurement guidelines related to exercise and caffeine intake

Characterized as being stocky, with wide hips and a tendency to easily gain body fat, especially visceral fat

The amount of air left in the lungs after a maximal, voluntary exhalation

Subject error may be substantial

Can gain muscle mass relatively easily and typically do not have excessive amounts of body fat

An expression of the ability to produce force in a short amount of time relative to body mass

The procedures are not disruptive for the subject as only one site on the body is typically measured

Premises

Typically described as being slightly built with less-developed muscle mass and fat stores

Low SEE but additional research needed before it can be considered the new gold standard of body composition assessment

Technician training and consistency are critical; can introduce a large degree of error

Use in athletes is hampered by need to follow restrictive pre-measurement guidelines related to exercise and caffeine intake

Characterized as being stocky, with wide hips and a tendency to easily gain body fat, especially visceral fat

The amount of air left in the lungs after a maximal, voluntary exhalation

Subject error may be substantial

Can gain muscle mass relatively easily and typically do not have excessive amounts of body fat

An expression of the ability to produce force in a short amount of time relative to body mass

The procedures are not disruptive for the subject as only one site on the body is typically measured

Responses

Question 43

Multiple Choice

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Based on body shape, an individual who is stocky with a tendency to gain body fat deep in the abdomen would be classified as ____.

The majority of research studies conclude that weight cycling results in a decrease in resting metabolic rate over the long term.

Body composition plays a relatively minor role in the performance of athletes who are successful in ____.

The only true measurement of the amount of fat in the body is by chemical analysis of cadavers.

In general, it is recommended that well-trained athletes lose no more than ____ lb of weight per week.

Select the key term that is most associated with the description below. Each term is used only once.

What are prohormones?

If all conditions are controlled appropriately and subject and technical error is minimized, the estimate obtained via BIA is comparable to that of skinfold assessments.

Athletes who restrict energy intake should increase protein intake to at least 1.4 g\kg of body weight to protect against large losses of lean body mass.

If an individual has an android pattern of fat distribution, where will fat be predominantly stored?

Storage fat is composed of subcutaneous fat and visceral fat.

Studies have shown that the use of ephedrine and caffeine by obese people ____.

In underwater weighing if the individual being tested is unable to exhale all of the air down to residual volume the extra air in the lungs results in an error that underestimates body fat.

Body mass index (BMI) is a ____.

The disadvantages of ____ include the high cost of the device, limited portability, the finite size of the seating area, and claustrophobia.

Male athletes who wish to promote the growth of muscle tissue should increase daily energy intake by approximately ____ kcal.

Discuss the BMI. How is it determined and who is it appropriate and inappropriate to use with?

Today underwater weighing is considered the gold standard for measuring body composition.