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Which of the following statements is accurate of growth patterns in the middle childhood years?


A) In middle childhood, the average child's body weight doubles.
B) Girls are heavier and taller than boys through the age of nine or ten.
C) From the age of 11, boys develop relatively more body fat than girls do.
D) Children in middle childhood experience an even, slow growth rate.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Preoperational children engaged in problem solving tend to focus on only one element of the problem at a time.

A) True
B) False

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Aptitude is that which is attained by one's efforts and presumed to be made possible by one's abilities.

A) True
B) False

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Piaget's theory of education can be applied in classrooms by ______.


A) promoting activities that encourage active discovery.
B) designing a uniform mode of instruction for children across age groups.
C) upholding and endorsing a single perspective on topics under consideration.
D) focusing on learning through rote-repetition.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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The part of the brain called the angular gyrus is responsible for ______.


A) regulating heartbeat
B) translating visual information into auditory information.
C) processing emotions
D) executive functioning and planning

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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According to Jean Piaget, which of the following stages is less egocentric than the preoperational stage?


A) objective morality
B) moral realism
C) concrete operations
D) conventional morality

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The following children understand one concept each. In this context, who among the following children understands the principle of transitivity?


A) Kathy understands that the symbols used in a language are arbitrary.
B) Berry understands that if George is taller than Tina and Tina is taller than Gia, then George is taller than Gia.
C) Winny understands that the quantity of water does not change even when it is filled in containers of different shapes.
D) Sam understands that tulips belong to the category of flowers.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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B

Which of the following activities requires the use of gross motor skills?


A) Jumping up and down
B) Writing a letter
C) Tying shoelaces
D) Using a knife and fork

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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A child understands that if an elephant is bigger than a bear and a bear is bigger than a cat, then an elephant is bigger than a cat. This demonstrates the child's understanding of _________.


A) conservation
B) transitivity
C) class inclusion
D) decentration

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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B

Cultural relativity refers to the factor hypothesized to be present in intelligence tests that provides an advantage for test takers from certain cultural backgrounds.

A) True
B) False

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Cognitive Development

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Answers will vary. According to Jean Pia...

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Which of the following statements is true of children who are obese?


A) They are more likely to have low blood pressure and low cholesterol.
B) They are less likely to have diabetes.
C) They are more likely to have breathing problems and asthma.
D) They are less likely to be rejected by peers.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following sports is considered less apt to promote fitness?


A) Swimming
B) Bicycling
C) Football
D) Running

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Explain how attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be treated.

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​ Answers will vary. Stimulants such as ...

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Which of the following statements is true of concrete-operational children?


A) They are more egocentric than preoperational children.
B) They have the decentration capacity to allow them to seriate in two dimensions.
C) They fail to understand the principles of conservation and class inclusion.
D) They focus on intangible ideas instead of tangible objects.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is a crucial determinant of a person's intellectual development?


A) Giftedness
B) Creativity
C) Heredity
D) Plasticity

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following is true of the stimulants used for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) ?


A) They reduce children's attention spans.
B) They improve children's academic performance.
C) They have zero addiction liability.
D) They degrade cognitive development.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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According to Wechsler, intelligence refers to the ______.


A) capacity to understand the world and the resourcefulness to cope with its challenges.
B) ability to find free and fluent association to the elements of a problem.
C) trait characterized by flexibility, ingenuity, and originality.
D) thought process that attempts to focus on the single best solution to a problem.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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A

Long-term memory most specifically refers to the memory structure capable of _______.


A) relatively permanent storage of information
B) rapid retrieval of information
C) relatively brief storage of information
D) storage of discrete bits of information

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Jennifer pushes her baby brother and lies to her father about doing it. Later, she falls on the sidewalk and scrapes her knee. She relates the two events and believes that her injury was the punishment for lying. According to Piaget's theory of moral development, which of the following stages of moral development does Jennifer fall under?


A) Autonomous morality
B) The postconventional level
C) The conventional level
D) Objective morality

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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