Question 1

Which experiment involves the use of classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)   blindfolding someone and timing him to see how long he takes to find a button hidden in a room
B)   determining how long it takes a person to learn how to knit if he is only allowed to watch YouTube videos of people knitting
C)   knowing that a student fears exams, the instructor wears a bright red shirt only on exam day, every exam day, to see how long it is before the red shirt becomes an object of fear to the student
D)   rewarding a boy for finishing his vegetables with ice cream and counting how many nights of reinforcement are required before he voluntarily eats his vegetablesE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

In classical conditioning, the association that is learned is between a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   conditioned stimulus and an unconditioned response
B)   neutral response and a conditioned response
C)   neutral stimulus and a neutral response
D)   neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulusE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Stanley was diagnosed with lymphoma and had to undergo several months of chemotherapy. During this time he would become very nauseated as a side effect, and unintentionally came to associate that nausea with his favorite grilled cheese sandwich. Now, years later, even thinking about a grilled cheese sandwich makes him sick. In this example, Stanley's nauseous reaction to a grilled cheese sandwich is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   unconditioned stimulus
B)   unconditioned response
C)   conditioned stimulus
D)   conditioned responseE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

In ________ reinforcement, the person or animal is not reinforced every time a desired behavior is performed.

Accepted Answer

A)   continuous
B)   partial
C)   primary
D)   secondaryE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of vicarious punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)   Belinda saw Mavis receive a hug for cleaning his room. She is careful to clean her room because she saw Mavis get a reward for doing it.
B)   Jeong observes his sister Bronwyn getting spanked for spitting out her carrots. Because he does not like getting spanked, he chews and swallows the carrots even though he hates them.
C)   Job wants to avoid being fired, so he follows the shop rules and does not smoke in the bathroom.
D)   Laurie wants to receive a smiley sticker and she knows from reading the rulebook that she will receive one if she behaves herself.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Gabrielle watches her father put batteries into her toy phone, and she is then able to put the batteries into the toy phone herself without further instruction from her father. In this example, Gabrielle's father is a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   cognition
B)   model
C)   response
D)   stimulusE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Gambling at a slot machine is an example of which reinforcement schedule?

Accepted Answer

A)   fixed interval
B)   fixed ratio
C)   variable interval
D)   variable ratioE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

The ________ theory explains that the immediate associations involved in a conditioned taste aversion are a result of adaptation that helps us learn to avoid foods that are potentially harmful.

Accepted Answer

A)   social learning
B)   evolutionary
C)   behavioral
D)   the cognitiveE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 9

If the principles of social learning theory are true, then children may model aggressive behavior ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   after dreaming about having a fight with their parents
B)   after dreaming they were on television
C)   after seeing a television character being punished for taking violent action against another character
D)   after seeing a television character receive a reward for taking violent action against another characterE) None of the above
F) B) and C) D

Question 10

You are a big fan of your grandmother's chocolate chip cookies. Just the smell of them causes you to feel hungry. One night she is making chocolate chip oatmeal almond cookies, a variation of her usual recipe. You smell the baking cookies and even though it is different than her usual cookie scent, you still suddenly feel hungry for a treat. This demonstrates the classical conditioning principle of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   extinction
B)   stimulus discrimination
C)   stimulus generalization
D)   spontaneous recoveryE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Birds migrating, cats chasing prey, sea turtles moving toward the ocean immediately after birth, and a joey (baby kangaroo)  moving to its mother's pouch immediately after birth are all examples of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   conditioning
B)   instincts
C)   learning
D)   reflexesE) A) and D)
F) B) and C) B

Question 12

Dave's boss told him that he doesn't have to attend the company picnic (which everybody dislikes)  if Dave meets his sales quota this month. Dave's boss is using ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   negative punishment
B)   negative reinforcement
C)   positive punishment
D)   positive reinforcementE) C) and D)
F) B) and D) B

Question 13

Classical and operant conditioning are forms of ________ learning.

Accepted Answer

A)   associative
B)   instinctive
C)   processual
D)   reflexiveE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Which option is the most valid criticism of Watson and Rayner's work with "little Albert"?

Accepted Answer

A)   It would be unethical by today's research standards.
B)   It did not use multiple pairings of an UCS with a NS.
C)   They did not have the permission of Albert's mother to conduct the research.
D)   The provided no compensation to Albert's mother for his participation in the study.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Which two concepts can be thought of as opposite processes within the classical conditioning model?

Accepted Answer

A)   acquisition and extinction
B)   punishment and reinforcement
C)   continuous reinforcement and partial reinforcement
D)   latent learning and insight learningE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Explain the difference between a fixed interval reinforcement schedule and a fixed ratio reinforcement schedule.

Accepted Answer

When using a fixed interval reinforcemen...

Question 17

In Pavlov's classical conditioning, the term conditioned is approximately synonymous with the word ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   learned
B)   instinctive
C)   reflexive
D)   reactiveE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Cooper trains his boyfriend Patrick to avoid eating cake every day by squirting him with a water pistol every time he sees Patrick moving toward a cake. Eventually, Patrick avoids cakes altogether. In this example, identify the UCR, UCS, CS, and the CR.

Accepted Answer

The UCR is the desire to eat c...

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of fixed ratio reinforcement schedule?

Accepted Answer

A)   checking your e-mail at random times throughout the day instead of every time you hear the new e-mail notification
B)   feeding your fish every day at 8 a.m.
C)   knowing you will get to play miniature golf as soon as you collect 10 gold stars for your reward chart
D)   playing the slot machineE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

You begin to salivate when you smell your favorite cake in the oven, but not when you smell the gross scent of a dirty diaper. This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   operant conditioning
B)   stimulus discrimination
C)   stimulus generalization
D)   higher-order conditioningE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Exam 6: Sensation and Perception

Which experiment involves the use of classical conditioning?

Correct Answer
verified

In classical conditioning, the association that is learned is between a ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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In ________ reinforcement, the person or animal is not reinforced every time a desired behavior is performed.

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is an example of vicarious punishment?

Correct Answer
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Gabrielle watches her father put batteries into her toy phone, and she is then able to put the batteries into the toy phone herself without further instruction from her father. In this example, Gabrielle's father is a ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Gambling at a slot machine is an example of which reinforcement schedule?

Correct Answer
verified

The ________ theory explains that the immediate associations involved in a conditioned taste aversion are a result of adaptation that helps us learn to avoid foods that are potentially harmful.

Correct Answer
verified

If the principles of social learning theory are true, then children may model aggressive behavior ________.

Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
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Birds migrating, cats chasing prey, sea turtles moving toward the ocean immediately after birth, and a joey (baby kangaroo) moving to its mother's pouch immediately after birth are all examples of ________.

Correct Answer
verified
B

Dave's boss told him that he doesn't have to attend the company picnic (which everybody dislikes) if Dave meets his sales quota this month. Dave's boss is using ________.

Correct Answer
verified
B

Classical and operant conditioning are forms of ________ learning.

Correct Answer
verified

Which option is the most valid criticism of Watson and Rayner's work with "little Albert"?

Correct Answer
verified

Which two concepts can be thought of as opposite processes within the classical conditioning model?

Correct Answer
verified

Explain the difference between a fixed interval reinforcement schedule and a fixed ratio reinforcement schedule.

Correct Answer
verified
When using a fixed interval reinforcemen...
View Answer

In Pavlov's classical conditioning, the term conditioned is approximately synonymous with the word ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Cooper trains his boyfriend Patrick to avoid eating cake every day by squirting him with a water pistol every time he sees Patrick moving toward a cake. Eventually, Patrick avoids cakes altogether. In this example, identify the UCR, UCS, CS, and the CR.

Correct Answer
verified
The UCR is the desire to eat c...
View Answer

Which of the following is an example of fixed ratio reinforcement schedule?

Correct Answer
verified

You begin to salivate when you smell your favorite cake in the oven, but not when you smell the gross scent of a dirty diaper. This is an example of ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Sensation and Perception

Which experiment involves the use of classical conditioning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning, the association that is learned is between a ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In ________ reinforcement, the person or animal is not reinforced every time a desired behavior is performed.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of vicarious punishment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gabrielle watches her father put batteries into her toy phone, and she is then able to put the batteries into the toy phone herself without further instruction from her father. In this example, Gabrielle's father is a ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gambling at a slot machine is an example of which reinforcement schedule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ theory explains that the immediate associations involved in a conditioned taste aversion are a result of adaptation that helps us learn to avoid foods that are potentially harmful.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the principles of social learning theory are true, then children may model aggressive behavior ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Birds migrating, cats chasing prey, sea turtles moving toward the ocean immediately after birth, and a joey (baby kangaroo) moving to its mother's pouch immediately after birth are all examples of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Dave's boss told him that he doesn't have to attend the company picnic (which everybody dislikes) if Dave meets his sales quota this month. Dave's boss is using ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Classical and operant conditioning are forms of ________ learning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which option is the most valid criticism of Watson and Rayner's work with "little Albert"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which two concepts can be thought of as opposite processes within the classical conditioning model?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the difference between a fixed interval reinforcement schedule and a fixed ratio reinforcement schedule.

Correct AnswerverifiedWhen using a fixed interval reinforcemen...View AnswerShow Answer

In Pavlov's classical conditioning, the term conditioned is approximately synonymous with the word ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cooper trains his boyfriend Patrick to avoid eating cake every day by squirting him with a water pistol every time he sees Patrick moving toward a cake. Eventually, Patrick avoids cakes altogether. In this example, identify the UCR, UCS, CS, and the CR.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe UCR is the desire to eat c...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of fixed ratio reinforcement schedule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You begin to salivate when you smell your favorite cake in the oven, but not when you smell the gross scent of a dirty diaper. This is an example of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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B

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B

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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When using a fixed interval reinforcemen...
View Answer

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The UCR is the desire to eat c...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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