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Most, if not all, of the new state constitutionsenacted in the 1780s


A) were written documents intended to represent a fundamental law, superior to ordinary statutory legislation.
B) lacked a specific bill of rights.
C) required the annual election of state legislators.
D) granted the state legislatures more power than governors.
E) created weak executive and judicial branches.

F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Discuss and evaluate the role that the Anglo-American common law tradition played in the substantive and procedural content, structure, and length of the U.S. Constitution. Contrast these elements of the U.S. Constitution with existing state constitutions and with foreign constitutions, where civil law prevailed.

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Thomas Jefferson observed that "173 despots would surely be as oppressive as one." What was the context of his remark? What was Jefferson warning against?

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Thomas Jefferson made this observation i...

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The Revolution spawned all of the following economic conditions EXCEPT


A) speculation and profiteering.
B) extensive borrowing by state governments that left them buried in debt.
C) runaway deflation.
D) the opening of new foreign markets.
E) unhealthy levels of high inflation that proved ruinous to many American citizens.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Identify and state the historical significance of civic virtue.

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The idea that democr...

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Which of the following represents a political compromise reached at the Constitutional Convention that was incorporated into the Constitution?


A) Counting all slaves fully as a person in apportioning membership in the House
B) Short-term continuation of the foreign slave trade before Congress could abolish this controversial form of human commerce
C) Direct election of the president
D) Control of interstate commerce by the national government
E) Prohibiting states from abolishing slavery in their respective states

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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Under the Articles of Confederation


A) a unicameral Congress was to be the chief agency of national government.
B) there was no executive branch of national government.
C) each state remained essentially sovereign.
D) major legislation required a two-thirds vote to pass Congress.
E) a strong national judiciary was established.

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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According to the framers of the Constitution, the ultimate guarantor of liberty and justice was


A) the authority of the state.
B) a written constitution.
C) an independent judicial system.
D) the virtue of the people.
E) the absolute authority of the federal government.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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The delegates at the Constitutional Convention stipulated that the new Constitution be ratified by


A) state conventions.
B) state legislatures.
C) popular referendum.
D) majority vote in the Congress.
E) the judiciary.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Identify and state the historical significance of Daniel Shays.

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The leader of Shays' Rebellion...

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Identify and state the historical significance of republican motherhood.

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An idea placing women as the s...

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The Great Compromise at the Constitutional Convention worked out an acceptable scheme for


A) regulating interstate commerce.
B) levying taxes for raising a militia.
C) apportioning congressional representation.
D) electing the president.
E) choosing Senators.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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A major strength of the Articles of Confederation was its


A) control over interstate commerce.
B) strong judicial branch.
C) ability to maintain the ideal of union among the states and hold the states together until a strong constitution could become politically viable and eventually adopted by the states.
D) ability to coin money.
E) strong executive branch.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

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Early signs of the abolitionist movement can be seen in the


A) Articles of Confederation.
B) Constitution.
C) emancipation of some slaves.
D) passage of laws allowing interracial marriage.
E) abolition of slavery in a few southern states.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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Identify and state the historical significance of federalists.

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Favored a ...

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The antifederalist camp included all of the following groups EXCEPT


A) supporters of a strong central authority.
B) states' rights supporters.
C) backcountry dwellers.
D) paper money advocates.
E) debtors.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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The idea that all tax measures should start in the House was made to appease


A) the least populated states.
B) western states.
C) eastern states.
D) the industrialists.
E) the larger states with the most people.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Identify and state the historical significance of the Society of the Cincinnati.

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An exclusive heredit...

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The Continental Congress in ____ called for the complete abolition of the slave trade, a summons to which most of the states responded positively.


A) 1770
B) 1772
C) 1774
D) 1776
E) 1780

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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List all the reasons why the Articles of Confederation needed to be replaced in order of importance, starting with the most important reason. Justify your selection and arrangement.

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The most important reason why the Articl...

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