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Large phagocytic cells that produce monokines and digest pathogens in the lymph are called ________.

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macrophages

Which of these is used to rescue a person experiencing anaphylaxis?


A) Anti-inflammatory
B) Allergen
C) Analgesic
D) Epinephrine
E) Anti-emetic

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Which of these become plasma cells in response to an antigen and make antibodies against the specific antigen?


A) Macrophages and lymphocytes
B) T cells
C) B cells
D) Natural killer (NK) cells
E) Monocytes

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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C

Cytokines known as ________ assist in regulation of the immune response by increasing B cell production and stimulating red bone marrow to produce more white blood cells.

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Which of the following describes a primary immune response?


A) It is a very rapid response.
B) It is carried out by memory cells.
C) It takes several weeks.
D) It requires re-exposure to an antigen.
E) It prevents a person from developing a disease from the antigen.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Allergies can be treated effectively by which of the following over-the-counter medications?


A) Anti-emetics
B) Anti-inflammatories
C) Pain relievers
D) Antihistamines
E) Analgesics

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Which of the following secrete chemicals that produce holes in the membranes of harmful cells but do not have to recognize a specific antigen to start destroying pathogens?


A) Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
B) Cytokines
C) B cells
D) Natural killer (NK) cells
E) T cells

F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

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The medical provider has explained to Cherise that she has an abscess in her spleen and the spleen will need to be removed. When the medical assistant who is educating Cherise on the procedure asks if she has any questions, she asks if the spleen removal will cause a health problem. What is the best response to her question?


A) "There is no effect. It is done all the time."
B) "You may have frequent headaches."
C) "The liver will take over most of the spleen's functions."
D) "What makes you ask that?"
E) "You will no longer be able to eat certain foods."

F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

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C

Which of the following bind to antigens on cells and attack them directly?


A) T cells
B) Cytokines
C) B cells
D) Natural killer (NK) cells
E) Haptens

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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The nonspecific body defense mechanism, in which monocytes leave the bloodstream and become macrophages to attack pathogens in other tissues, is called _________.

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Which of these nonspecific body defenses utilizes enzymes in body fluids to destroy pathogens?


A) Chemical barriers
B) Mechanical barriers
C) Inflammation
D) Phagocytosis
E) Species resistance

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following results occurs in response to an injury?


A) Chemical barrier
B) Mechanical barrier
C) Fever
D) Species resistance
E) Inflammation

F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following is an excessive immune response that involves IgE antibodies?


A) Allergy
B) Mononucleosis
C) Anaphylaxis
D) Lymphedema
E) Chronic fatigue syndrome

F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following are signs or symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome?


A) Numbness of fingers and toes and weight loss
B) Hair loss and renal failure
C) "Butterfly" rash and fever
D) Tender lymph nodes and joint pain
E) Runny nose and coughing

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following describes the thymus?


A) It decreases in size as a person ages.
B) It removes aged RBCs from circulation.
C) It is the largest lymphatic organ.
D) It is filled with blood and macrophages.
E) If it is removed, the liver takes over its functions.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Which type of immunoglobulin recognizes bacteria, viruses, and toxins?


A) IgG
B) IgA
C) IgM
D) IgE
E) IgD

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following is unique to an individual, is present on every cell in that person's body, and activates T cells?


A) Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
B) Cytokines
C) B cells
D) Natural killer (NK) cells
E) Complements

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which type of immunity requires injection with an antibody?


A) Naturally acquired active
B) Artificially acquired passive
C) Naturally acquired passive
D) Artificially acquired active
E) Species resistance

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Most lymphocytes in the blood are ____.


A) T cells
B) antibodies
C) cytokines
D) B cells
E) natural killer (NK) cells

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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In which nonspecific body defense do blood vessels dilate, bringing more blood to the area, which in turn brings phagocytic white blood cells to the area to attack the pathogen, proteins to replace injured tissues, and clotting factors to stop any bleeding?


A) Mechanical barriers
B) Fever
C) Inflammation
D) Phagocytosis
E) Chemical barriers

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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